Beginners Guide to Resin
Introduction
In this beginner's guide, we will cover the steps to use epoxy resin and UV resin safely and effectively. I have included video links for you throughout, and if you watch a video and want to know where I purchased anything I use, then the details can be found in the video’s description.
Here is an example of a helpful beginner’s resin video.
Resin is a versatile material that can be used in various projects, such as jewellery making, home décor, and DIY crafts. It's a liquid polymer that can be hardened into a solid form through a chemical reaction. Two popular types of resin for crafting are epoxy resin and UV resin.
Epoxy resin is a two-part system that consists of a resin and a hardener. The two components must be mixed together in the correct ratio to initiate the curing process. Once mixed, the resin and hardener create a chemical reaction that causes the mixture to harden and become a solid material.
Epoxy resin is known for its durability, strength, and versatility, making it an excellent choice for various DIY projects.
On the other hand, UV resin is a single-component resin that cures under UV light. It does not require mixing with a hardener. Instead, it relies on UV light to initiate the curing process.
UV resin is an excellent option for small projects requiring a quick curing time. It's also easier to work with than epoxy resin since measuring and mixing is unnecessary.
Both epoxy resin and UV resin have their advantages and disadvantages. Epoxy resin is more durable and stronger than UV resin, but it requires more time and effort to work with. UV resin is easier to use and cures quickly, but it is not as strong and durable as epoxy resin. The choice between epoxy resin and UV resin depends on the project requirements and the user's personal preferences.
Now that we've covered the basics, let's move on to the step-by-step guide on using epoxy resin and UV resin safely and effectively.
Check my blog on PPE and safety to ensure you keep yourself safe whilst using resin.
Resin Casting
Casting is the process of pouring resin into a mould to create a solid object. It's a popular technique used in arts and crafts, and several types of resin can be used for casting. I make a lot of resin casting videos, and here is a video that you will find useful.
You'll need to purchase a mould or make your own to cast with resin. Making your own mould is fun and easier than you would think. Check out this video on how easy it is.
Once you have your mould, you can mix your resin according to the manufacturer's instructions and pour it into the mould. Moulds are an important part of resin casting, as they determine the shape and size of the final product.
Silicone moulds are a popular choice, as they are flexible, durable, and can be used multiple times. When selecting a mould, it is important to consider the level of detail required and the type of finish desired.
A mould with a shiny finish will produce a shiny casting, while a mould with a dull finish will create a matt finish.
Casting with resin requires patience and attention to detail. Mixing the resin correctly and removing any bubbles that may form during the mixing process is essential. After pouring the resin into the mould, it's important to let it cure fully before removing it from the mould.
If you are casting with resin using silicone moulds, here are some tips:
Use a release agent: Apply a release agent to your mould before pouring the resin to prevent the resin from sticking to the mould.
Mix small batches: Mixing small batches of resin to prevent flash curing or overheating is essential.
Allow proper curing time: Follow the manufacturer's instructions for recommended curing times to ensure the resin has fully cured.
This is a great casting resin for beginners; it gives consistent results and ease of use. It is ideal for many different projects.
Using Epoxy Resin
Step 1: Prepare your work area
Ensure your work area is clean and free of dust or debris. Cover your work surface with a large silicone mat to protect it from spills or drips and to make clean-up much easier. Resin is a sticky substance that can easily pick up dust and debris, affecting your project's final finish.
Step 2: Measure the resin and hardener
Measure the correct ratio of resin to hardener following the manufacturer's instructions.
Epoxy resin can be measured by either weight or volume; it should clearly state in the manufacturer's instructions which one you should use.
Using the correct method and being as accurate as possible is important. An inaccurate ratio can cause the resin to not cure properly or become brittle once cured.
Step 3: Mix the resin and hardener
Here is a video on the best way to mix resin.
You can use a wooden stick or a plastic spatula to mix the components slowly to prevent bubbles from being introduced into the resin.
Ensure you scrape the bottom and sides of the mixing cup and the spatula/stick on the side of the mixing cup.
This will prevent patches of part A or part B from sticking in areas and not being mixed thoroughly.
Once you have the correct measurements, thoroughly mix the resin and hardener in a silicone or disposable plastic mixing cup.
Make sure to mix it well and slowly for about 4-5 minutes to ensure that the two components are evenly distributed.
Step 4: Adding colour (optional)
Here is a video on how I use colour in resin.
Epoxy resin can be coloured to give it a unique and personalised touch. You can add colour to your epoxy resin by adding a few drops of resin dye or pigment and a wealth of other dry pigments.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the specific pigments or dyes you plan to use. Some popular types of pigments for epoxy resin include:
Liquid pigment: This highly concentrated dye can be mixed with the resin before pouring it onto your project.
Powdered pigment: This pigment is mixed with the resin before pouring and is ideal for creating marble effects.
Mica powder: This shimmering pigment can be mixed with the resin to add a metallic finish to your project.
These are the mica powders I use.
This is a great technique for using mica powder.
When adding colour to epoxy resin, mixing the pigment thoroughly with the resin and hardener is important to ensure an even distribution of colour.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended amount of pigment to add. Add small amounts at a time, as you will be surprised at how little you need.
If you are using a liquid pigment, never add more than 8% of the pigment to the amount of resin you have mixed. Adding too much liquid pigment can dramatically affect the curing of the resin.
Step 5: Pour the resin
Slowly pour the mixed resin onto your project, spreading it evenly with a plastic spatula or brush, if needed.
If you need to cover a large area or add depth to your project, pour the resin in layers.
Step 6: Remove bubbles
To remove any air bubbles that may have formed during the pouring process, use a long neck lighter if the resin is in a mould; only use a heat gun or torch on non-silicone mould projects.
Move the heat source back and forth over the surface of the resin until the bubbles disappear.
In addition, gently tap the sides of a mould to help release any bubbles attached to the mould's sides. You can use a toothpick or a micro brush to help release some of the more stubborn bubbles that stick to the sides or other areas of a mould.
This is a useful tips and tricks video on using epoxy resin.
Additionally, you can purchase a machine to remove the bubbles from the resin before pouring it into your moulds. Here is an example of me using the machine.
Step 7: Curing
Cover the project with a dust-free box, ensuring the box is not touching the resin.
This will prevent dust in the air from settling in the resin and spoiling the piece's finish.
Let the resin cure according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Epoxy resin can take from 24 to 72 hours to fully cure, depending on the resin you are using and the room temperature in which the resin is left to cure.
A warmer room will allow the resin to cure faster.
Using UV Resin
Here is a video that will help you with using UV resin.
This video will give you some tips and tricks for using UV resin.
This video will help you decide which UV resin you might want to buy.
I recommend this UV resin as it cures hard and has no sticky residue.
Step 1: Prepare your work area
Make sure your work area is clean and free of any dust or debris. Cover your work surface with a large silicone mat to protect it from spills or drips.
Step 2: Apply the UV resin
Apply the UV resin to your project using a brush, a dropper or directly from the bottle. Be careful not to apply too much, which can cause the resin to overflow or create air bubbles.
Step 3: Adding colour (Optional)
You can add colour to your UV resin by mixing in a small amount of resin dye or pigment.
This video will help you with how much to add.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended amount of pigment to add.
Be careful not to add too much pigment, as this can prevent the UV light from fully penetrating the piece. If the light cannot penetrate, then you will have areas that are not cured.
The best moulds to use for UV resin are shallow and transparent. You can also shine the UV light through the bottom of the mould. It does help to place the mould on a mirror when curing so that the UV light reflects around the area.
Do not attempt to cure UV resin any deeper than 3mm (3/32 Inch), as this will result in the resin overheating and not curing properly.
These are the colours I recommend; they are consistent and last a long time. All their colours are excellent, and their mica powders are vibrant.
Step 4: Cure the resin
Place your project under a UV lamp or direct sunlight to cure the resin.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended curing time.
The curing time can be anywhere from 1 minute to 5 minutes, depending on the strength of the UV lamp and the depth at which you have poured the resin. Once cured, there should be no trace of stickiness to the resin.
This is the UV lamp I recommend; it works quickly and covers a large area.
Step 4: Cure the resin
Place your project under a UV lamp or direct sunlight to cure the resin.
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for the recommended curing time.
The curing time can be anywhere from 1 minute to 5 minutes, depending on the strength of the UV lamp and the depth at which you have poured the resin. Once cured, there should be no trace of stickiness to the resin.
Polyurethane Resin
Polyurethane resin is a popular option for casting because of its low viscosity, high strength, and excellent durability. It is perfect for creating models, prototypes, and figurines.
However, most polyurethane resins cure very quickly, sometimes within a few minutes.
Additionally, they do not cure well in humid conditions, causing the resin to foam or flash cure. The quicker curing time can trap bubbles in the finished item.
A pressure pot is often used with Polyurethane resin to prevent these from forming. I would not recommend a polyurethane resin for a beginner.
The mixing ratio for polyurethane resin is usually 1:1 by weight or volume, but it can vary depending on the brand. Make sure to read the instructions before mixing.
Polyurethane resin can be coloured using pigments or dyes, often with specialist colours and glitters, etc., to give you a true colour to the finished casting. Mixing the colour thoroughly into the resin ensures an even finish. Once mixed, pour the resin into the mould, tapping the sides to remove any air bubbles.
Allow the resin to cure completely before removing it from the mould. Curing time can vary from a few minutes to an hour, depending on the thickness of the cast and the ambient temperature.
This is the polyurethane resin I recommend, as it is easy to use.
Here is a video of me using this polyurethane resin.
Alternatives to Resin
There are many alternatives to casting with resin. I have tried most of them. Many of these videos are on my other crafting channel, Steve McDonald Crafting.
One of the newest to the market and my favourite to use is ResinCrete. It is eco-friendly and gives great results.
Here is a comparison video between ResinCrete and Plaster of Paris. You really can see the difference between the two products.
Reminders and Tips
Ventilation: Ensure you work in a well-ventilated area and always use the appropriate PPE to protect yourself from harmful fumes and vapours.
Temperature: Resin cures best at temperatures between 21-27°C (70-80°F). Avoid working in extreme temperatures, as this can affect the curing process.
Clean-up: Clean up spills and drips with a baby wipe or cloth immediately.
Storage: Store resin in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources. Make sure to keep the resin containers tightly sealed to prevent them from drying out.
Conclusion
By following the steps outlined in this guide, you should be able to safely and effectively use epoxy resin and UV resin to create unique and personalised projects. Always take proper safety precautions when working with resin, and follow the manufacturer's instructions for the specific product you're using.
Disclaimer
The information provided in this beginner's guide to resin is for educational purposes only. The author has made every effort to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the content but cannot be held responsible for any issues arising from resin use after reading this guide.
Using resin involves certain risks, including but not limited to health hazards. It is the reader's responsibility to exercise caution, follow appropriate safety procedures, and follow the manufacturer's safety and use warnings when working with resin.
By using the information provided in this guide, the reader assumes all risks associated with using resin and agrees to hold the author harmless from any liability, damages, or losses resulting from such use.
